Roller-bearing.



No'. s54,|79. Patented July 24, |900. A. w. PoNToR.

ROLLER BEARING.

(Application led Aug. 8, 1899.\ (N0 Model.)

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FiClrs ARCHIBALD w. PCNTCN, or OTTAWA, CANADA.

ROLLER-BEARING.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No.. 654,179, dated July 24, 1900.

Application lcd August 8, 1899. Serial No. 726,563. (No model.)

.To @ZZ 'tu/'1,0m t may concern.:

Be it known that I, ARCHIBALD WILLIAM PONTON, civil engineer, ofParliament Buildings, in the city of Ottawa, in the county of Carletonand Province of Ontario, Canada, have invented certain new and usefullmprovements in Ball or Roller Bearings, of which the following is aspecification.

The object of my invention is to devise a ball or roller bearing forbicycles and other purposes which will entirely obviate all rubbingfriction on the cups and cones or of the balls or rollers on oneanother; and it consists, essentially, in the use of a retainer in whichthe balls or rollers are journaled each on an axial line coincident withthat on which its Contact with the ball cup and cone tends to revolveit, and of such details of construction as are hereinafter morespecifically described and then definitely claimed.

Figure l is a longitudinal section showing my improvements applied to atwo-point bearing. Fig. 2 is a similar view showing myimproveinent-sapplied to athree-point bearing. Fig. 3 is a similar view showing myimprovements applied to a bearing for machinery. Fig. 4 is a perspectiveview of a ball-retainer. Fig. 5 is a sectional elevation, partly brokenaway, showing a portion of the crank which is connected to the axle andthe adjusting' cone.

In the drawings like letters of reference in dicate corresponding partsin the different ligures.

A is a hub or casing, and C the axle.

D is a crank formed integral with the axle and provided with thedust-band a, projecting Within the end of the casing A.

E is a sleeve embracing the axle and formed integral with the crank F.This sleeve has projections h formed thereon ,which are adapted toengage suitable recesses in the crank D. (See Figs. l and 5.) G is a nutscrewed upon the end of the axle C and shaped as the frustum of a cone,so as to engage the sides of a similar-shaped recess in the crank F. ltis provided with suitable holesfor engagement by a spanner, so that byscrewing it up tightly the sleeve and the axle may be rigidly clampedtogether. At each end of the casing ball-cups I-l are provided, formedon or secured thereto.

I l are the ball-cones, l being the adjustingd Y N cone screwed upon thesleeve E in proximity to the crank D,and I a stationary cone formedintegralwith or secured to the'slee've E in .proximityto the crankF.These cones forno,

with the opposed cones, races for-the balls J.

In Fig. l it will be seenthat the ball-'cup H and cone on each end formthe -frustums of cones which, if extended, would have common apexes at apoint in the axis of the axle. In order that the balls shall produce norubbing friction, it is necessary that they shall revolve on an axis theextension of which will intersect the common apex of the cones of whichthe ball cup and cone are frustums. I therefore provide each ball withan axle, preferably formed by turningrounded gudgeonsj atdiametrically-oppositepoints on the surface thereof and V.journaling`these gudgeons in a retainer K, so that-the ball revolves on an axisintersecting the axis of the -axle at the point previously described.The

retainers K each comprise a sleeve c, having openings therein for theballs J. At one side of these openings is formed the external flange d,and at the other side the internal flange e. At each opening radialgrooves j are cut in the iianges from the outside down to suitablepoints to give the gudgeons a bearing in the line desired. These groovesare sufcieutly shallow and the gudgeons sufficiently long to maintainthe ball J entirely out of Contact with the retainer. Vhen a two-pointbearing is used, as shown in Fig. 1there is necessarily a slight outwardpressure upon each ball which has to be taken up bythe end of the outergudgeon, and it is therefore important that only the rounded endof thegudgeon be in contact with the retainer, as Contact of the ball with theretainer would result in considerable rubbing friction. lf a three-pointbearing is used, as shown in Fig. 2, the end pressure on the outergudgeon does notexist. lf such a three-point'bearing is used,-it isessential that the two lines of contact of the ball with the cup lie onthe surface of a cone having a common apex with the cone of which theball-cone is a frustum. This common apex lying, as in the two-pointbearing, in the axis of the axle, the balls must of course be journaledon an axis including this common apex. When the outward pressure of theballs or rollers on the retainer through their gudgeons exists, as inFigs. l and 3, it is necessary that IOO that the'cups are removable andadjustablel and that the retainers are held together by In Figs. l and2- the screw-threaded ring g. a washer L is shown between the adjustablecone and the crank. When it is desired toi adjust the bearing, the nut Gis `unscrewed and the axle C removed with the crank D. After adjustingthecone I the washer andthe l axle and crank are replaced. Then byscrew- 1 ing up the nut G the adjusting-cone, washer,

and crank D are tightly jammed together to `hold the cone as adjusted.The projections b on the sleeve enter `the recess in the crank Dsuiciently far to prevent the sleeve and: `axle from rotating upon oneanother, but not j `suticiently far to prevent the longitudinaladjustment of the sleeve upon the axle when the position of theadjusting-cone is altered in the operation ofadjusting the bearing.

Although I use the term roller in my claims, I intend it to include theballs, as well as the rollers, and although I show only three `in eachrace more may be used, if desired.

From the above description it will be seen` that I have devised abearing which is constructed in accordance with the accepted principlesof mechanics and that there will be no rubbing :action of the balls uponone another nor upon the cups .and cones. j

The balls or rollers having contact with the l retainer at the ends oftheir axles only are free to roll without rubbing against ,theretainenThe retainer, while meeting the purposes for which it is intended, issimple, compact, 3 strong, and durable, and occupying a smallI spaceenables the hub or casing to be reduced to the smallest possibledimensions.

The retainer .from its peculiar construction prevents the ball andgudgeons, although not `permanently journaled or pivoted, getting out oftheir proper position relative to thel other related parts.

What I claim as my invention isj 1. In a bearing, an axle and a hub orcas`V ing, opposed cups and cones forming races in combination with aretainer located in each race between said axle and the hub or casing;and a plurality of rollers for each race, each `provided with an axle orgudgeons, the re-l tainer being provided with radial grooves toreceiveeach of the said axles or gudgeons, the said grooves beingextended down to aj suitable point to give each axle or gudgeon abearing on an axial line substantially iden- `tical with the axis onwhich contact with the` cup `and cone tends to rotate the rollersubstantially as and for the purpose specified.

2. In a bearing, an axle and a hub or casing, opposed cups and conesforming racesin combination with a retainer located in each race betweensaid axle and the hub or casing; a plurality of rollers for each race,each provided with an axle or gudgeons, the retainer being provided withradial grooves to receive each of the said axles or gudgeons the saidgrooves being extended down to a suitable point to give each axle orgudgeon a bearing on an axial line substantially identical with the axison which contact with the cup and cone tends to rotate the roller; andla sleeve rigidly connecting the retainers substantially as and for thepurpose specified.

3. In a bearing, an axle, aicone at each end of said axle; and a casingor hub, cups opposed to the said cones to form races,the cup and cone ateach end being the frustums of lcones having a common apex in the axisof the axle, in combination `with a set of rollers for each race; aretainer located in `each race in which each roller is journaled bymeans of a suitable .axle or gudgeons so that `it `is held nout ofcontact with the retainer and so that its axial line intersects thecommon apex of the cones of which the cup and cone of the said race arefrustums; and a sleeve connectingthe said retainers substan tiallyfasandfor the purpose specified.

4. VIn a bearing a retainer comprising a sleeve with openings thereinfor rollers; an external liange formed thereon at one side of IOO theopenings; Aand `an internal iiange at the otherside ofthe saidopenings,in combination with a series of rollers each provided with anaxle or gudgeons independently journaled in the said external andinternal flanges, :substantially as and for the purpose specified.

5,. In a `bearing `a `retainer comprising a sleeve with openings thereinfor the rollers;

`au external flange formed thereon at one side of the openings; andaninternal angeatthe `other side of the said openings in combination witha series of rollers each provided with `an .axle or gudgeons, groovesbeing c ut in the said `flanges down to a point desired for the bearingsfor the said axle or gudgeons substantially as and for the purposespeciied.

6. In a bearing a retainer comprising a `sleeve with openings thereinfor the rollers, 1 an external flange formed thereon-at one side `of theopenings, and an internal flange at the other side of the Wsaidopenings, in combination with a series of rollers each provided with anaxle or gudgeons with roundedrends grooves being cut in the said flangesdownto suitable bearings the axle ends or gudgeons being suicien'tlylong to prevent the rollers touching the flanges, substantially as andfor the purpose specified.

Tor'onto, Canada, July 22, 1899.

ARCHIBALD W. PONTON.

In presence of J. EDW. MAYBEE, A. J. CoLBoUaNn.

IXO

